Why do we ask students to research?


The most important question to ask yourself before beginning a research project with students is "why." What are some of the reasons that we ask students to research?

  • Learn about a topic
  • To find an answer to a question
  • Teach them how to teach themselves
  • Student-centered learning
  • Proactive learning
  • Make an argument
  • Be responsible for finding information on their own
  • Presentation for class (contribute to a larger topic)
  • Develop research skills with guidance
  • Background information to be able to understand another topic

If you asked your students why they are required to do a research paper or project, what would they say?

  • Requirement to pass the class (% of grade)
  • Teacher just doesn't want to teach for a few days
  • This is a class, why do I have to do research?
  • Feels like an added on piece
  • Prepare them for college

What do students learn during a research project?


Another important question to ask yourself as you begin to create a new project is "what kinds of learning experiences do I want my students to have?" In other words, what do students learn when they undertake various research tasks?

  • Five Kinds of Learning: Information Literacy, Metacognitive Learning, Content, Social Skills, Literacy

  • Evaluation of material/sources
  • Synthesis
  • Searching strategies
  • Annotation skills
  • Summarize
  • Flexibility
  • Time management
  • Exploration (learning how to explore)
  • Patience
  • Organization
  • Separate fact from opinion
  • Reflective
  • Collaboration and team work
  • Social skills
  • Taking ownership/making learning personal
  • Content


Student expectations


Many studies have shown that students' expectations early in the research process have a lot to do with how they progress. Louise Limberg has shown that students did one of three things while researching:

  • Fact finding where relevance was determined more by ease of access
  • Balancing information to find the right answer where (1) relevance was determined by what would allow students to answer each subtopic correctly and (2) bias in information was handled with difficulty and usually the immediate choice of one side
  • Scrutinizing and analysing where students did not restrict relevance to sources that answered a subtopic but instead tried to place information in a wider context; they also tried to uncover the bias in sources

How we set up a project can determine the focus of students; furthermore, we can create interventions along the process to help student move beyond fact-finding and looking for the "right" answer.